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we all know things behave differently in

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microgravity but knowing exactly how

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materials behave is vital to future

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space flight and it's already helping

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improve products here on earth let's

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head out now to the payload operations

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integration center at the marshall space

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flight center with lori mexis to tell us

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more about materials research laurie

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the missy or materials on the

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international space station experiment

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has been studying the way materials

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behave in the harsh microgravity

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environment since 2001 and much has been

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learned i recently spoke with one of its

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principal investigators kim degrow from

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the glim research center to learn more

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missy is the materials international

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space station experiment

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and it's a series of materials

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experiments that are flown on the

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outside of space station so we can study

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the uh durability of materials and

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devices in the space environment

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what number are we on now well missy

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eight is uh actually it's the tenth of a

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suitcase size tray that was flown and it

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was up in space for two years and it was

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recently returned during the space x3

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mission and returned to earth in the

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dragon capsules

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so we've done this for so many years

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what are some of the highlights and key

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points that we've learned of how

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materials behave in space

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the missy experiments have provided a

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very wide variety of

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information on the environmental

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degradation of materials in the space

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environment and also on devices and how

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they perform in the very harsh space

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environment and every mission we have

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flown different types of experiments

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with different kinds of samples

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and we learn different things each time

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and we're also finding now that

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sometimes we'll refly the same material

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on different missions they get different

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environmental exposures and we see that

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the degradation rate of some of these

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materials is not constant over time in

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the space environment so actually flying

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the same sample again and again is very

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helpful because you may see that the

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degradation

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is is getting worse over time or is not

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as bad over a long time as you might

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initially think

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is two years an optimal amount of time

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to to have it there and see how it's

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going to behave two years is a good

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amount of time to have a space exposure

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experiment

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one year you can learn a lot still from

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one year it depends a lot on the

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experiment and what you're trying to

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find out about it but having an

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experiment up for one to two years is a

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good amount of time because it's long

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enough to see the degradation but it's

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not so long that you have to wait a

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really long time to get your data and

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know what's happening

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can you tell us about some of the things

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some of the materials that we've learned

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how they behave how they've been used

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now in spacecraft and other other things

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yeah um there have been a lot of

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different materials that we've learned

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about the degradation and durability and

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we have had missing data that have

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impacted a whole variety of different

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spacecraft programs everything from

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earth observing satellites

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communication satellites

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lunar spacecraft our missy data even

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impacted the one of the mars rovers and

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we've impacted

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material selection for the james webb

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space telescope and some other

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telescopes so the missy data has

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impacted a really wide variety of

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spacecraft

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there are a lot of different earth

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applications from the missy flight data

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for example

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we learn about the

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uv radiation durability materials and we

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know down on earth

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sunlight comes down and can damage

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materials we also learn about more

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efficient and durable solar cells and we

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can use that technology for building

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more durable solar cells here on earth

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also so there are a lot of different

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applications

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from the missy experiments that we can

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use down here on earth in the entire

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missy program where we've had 10

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different suitcases we have had hundreds

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of principal investigators flying

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samples

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on these packs from 85 different

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organizations we have investigators from

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nasa department of defense academia and

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industry so many many different

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participants in the missy program which

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is really wonderful and very unique too

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and as kim mentioned hundreds of

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scientists and engineers have had

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experiments on missy and joining me now

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is one of them our principal

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investigator from here at marshall

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miriam thinking our mary thanks for

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joining us tell us about your

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involvement with missy well missy has

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flown

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almost four thousand materials samples

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in since 2001

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and some of those are pure research like

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from langley and from glenn but the ones

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here from marshall are ones directly

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applicable to spacecraft especially

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space station itself as we look at life

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extension for space station we look at

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the radiator materials the window

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materials

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the space debris shielding and we look

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not only to see how those are holding up

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in the space environment but also how

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well we simulate the space environment

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on the ground that if we do tests on the

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ground with new materials how well are

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we replicating that tell us specifically

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about what you've been studying okay

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this is the trailing umbilical system

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cable

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and this was flown for four years on

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missy 2 so we looked at how well that

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held up and we

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want to make sure that the astronauts

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are safe when they're out on eva

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and one of the nicer points

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we had last year was with don pettit

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when the dragon came in to dock he made

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a comment about the snow white coating

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on the dragon and that was actually a

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coating that we qualified on missy 2 for

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that mission so

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it's good to make make sure that what

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we're doing actually helps the

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astronauts as well as keep the space

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station operating smoothly tell us about

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some other things you've looked at well

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this is uh nomex this is one of the

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materials that can be

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the tool bags and we know now that we

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need coatings for that yeah that didn't

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that didn't hold up very well

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wow that's very interesting so how long

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was that on station that was four years

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four years

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wow and then we're also looking at some

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of the new programs especially

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supporting orion and the multi-purpose

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crew vehicle

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james webb telescope the missions to

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mars and to lunar environment

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some of the other missions to l1 and l2

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so and you were also involved in missy

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eight the last one that she talked about

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it just came back yes what a few months

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ago and i bet you're anxious to get your

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hands on yes i am all right when will

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you do that um in this week

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after i leave here oh